{"id":7136,"date":"2025-08-04T09:33:29","date_gmt":"2025-08-04T07:33:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wigl.fr\/?post_type=academy&#038;p=7136"},"modified":"2025-08-11T17:36:04","modified_gmt":"2025-08-11T15:36:04","slug":"layer-2","status":"publish","type":"academy","link":"https:\/\/wigl.fr\/en\/academy\/la-cryptomonnaie\/la-blockchain\/layer-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Blockchain Layer 2 : qu\u2019est-ce que c\u2019est et pourquoi est-ce si populaire ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"7136\" class=\"elementor elementor-7136\" data-elementor-post-type=\"academy\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-093205e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"093205e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb2341f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fb2341f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les blockchains comme Bitcoin (7 TPS) et Ethereum (15-30 TPS) sont bien loin des 24 000 transactions par seconde de Visa, cr\u00e9ant frais \u00e9lev\u00e9s et engorgement. Les solutions Layer 2 r\u00e9solvent ces limites en d\u00e9chargeant la cha\u00eene principale tout en pr\u00e9servant sa s\u00e9curit\u00e9. <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-048cdc2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"048cdc2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"academy-article-content\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1216927 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1216927\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a03429 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3a03429\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Qu\u2019est-ce qu\u2019une blockchain Layer 2 ?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ad18c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ad18c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Une <a href=\"https:\/\/wigl.fr\/en\/academy\/la-cryptomonnaie\/la-blockchain\/\">blockchain<\/a> Layer 2 est un protocole secondaire construit au-dessus d\u2019une blockchain existante (Layer 1). Elle traite les transactions hors cha\u00eene, puis publie p\u00e9riodiquement un r\u00e9sum\u00e9 cryptographique sur la Layer 1 pour b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de sa s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Points cl\u00e9s :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>H\u00e9rite de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de l\u2019immuabilit\u00e9 de la Layer 1.<\/li>\n<li>Regroupe plusieurs transactions en un seul lot (batch).<\/li>\n<li>R\u00e9duit la congestion : davantage de TPS, frais bien plus faibles.<\/li>\n<li>Ne modifie pas le consensus de la cha\u00eene principale ; elle se contente de l\u2019utiliser comme arbitre final.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a52fcfa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a52fcfa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67fad52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"67fad52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pourquoi en a-t-on besoin aujourd\u2019hui ?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d64623 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9d64623\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le probl\u00e8me de scalabilit\u00e9<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c5f075 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6c5f075\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La scalabilit\u00e9 d\u00e9signe l\u2019aptitude d\u2019un r\u00e9seau \u00e0 g\u00e9rer beaucoup de demande en m\u00eame temps. Sur Bitcoin et Ethereum, la taille et la fr\u00e9quence des blocs sont limit\u00e9es par des imp\u00e9ratifs de d\u00e9centralisation ; d\u00e8s que l\u2019activit\u00e9 grimpe, le r\u00e9seau se sature, les confirmations ralentissent et les frais flambent.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6658559 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6658559\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le trilemme de la blockchain<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d50b90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1d50b90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Formul\u00e9 par Vitalik Buterin, le co-fondateur d\u2019Ethereum, le trilemme affirme qu\u2019une blockchain ne peut optimiser simultan\u00e9ment d\u00e9centralisation, s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et scalabilit\u00e9 ; elle doit sacrifier, au moins temporairement, l\u2019un des trois piliers. Les Layer 2 visent \u00e0 repousser ce compromis en ajoutant un second niveau de traitement sans \u00ab\u00a0casser\u00a0\u00bb la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 ni la d\u00e9centralisation de la Layer 1.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-562dfb1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"562dfb1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"627\" src=\"https:\/\/wigl.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/shema-trilemme-blockchain-1024x803.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-7146\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wigl.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/shema-trilemme-blockchain-1024x803.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/wigl.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/shema-trilemme-blockchain-300x235.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wigl.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/shema-trilemme-blockchain-768x602.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wigl.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/shema-trilemme-blockchain-15x12.jpg 15w, https:\/\/wigl.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/shema-trilemme-blockchain-1200x941.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/wigl.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/shema-trilemme-blockchain.jpg 1439w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19ac126 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"19ac126\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b2d682 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9b2d682\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comment \u00e7a fonctionne ?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49fcad9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"49fcad9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>D\u00e9p\u00f4t :<\/strong> L\u2019utilisateur place ses fonds en s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sur la blockchain principale (Layer 1).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transfert vers Layer 2 :<\/strong> En utilisant un \u00ab\u202fbridge\u202f\u00bb, l\u2019utilisateur bloque ses fonds dans un smart contract, puis le m\u00eame montant est lib\u00e9r\u00e9 sur le Layer 2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transactions rapides :<\/strong> Les \u00e9changes se font sur Layer 2, \u00e0 grande vitesse et presque sans frais.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Regroupement :<\/strong> Toutes les transactions du Layer 2 sont ensuite rassembl\u00e9es en un seul paquet.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Envoi du r\u00e9sum\u00e9 :<\/strong> Un r\u00e9sum\u00e9 condens\u00e9 de tout ce qui s\u2019est pass\u00e9 est envoy\u00e9 \u00e0 la blockchain principale.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Validation finale :<\/strong> La blockchain principale confirme et s\u00e9curise d\u00e9finitivement l\u2019historique.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fc7e6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1fc7e6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"263\" src=\"https:\/\/wigl.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/shema-layer-2-1024x336.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-7151\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wigl.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/shema-layer-2-1024x336.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/wigl.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/shema-layer-2-300x99.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wigl.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/shema-layer-2-768x252.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wigl.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/shema-layer-2-18x6.jpg 18w, https:\/\/wigl.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/shema-layer-2.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02cc00b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"02cc00b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dbd61d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dbd61d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Exemples de solutions Layer 2<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d940743 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d940743\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Optimistic Rollups (ex. Arbitrum, Base, Optimism)<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fdf7604 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fdf7604\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>Principe :<\/strong> on suppose (\u00ab optimistic \u00bb) que les lots sont valides ; tout acteur peut contester pendant une fen\u00eatre (souvent 7 jours).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Avantages :<\/strong> compatible avec les smart contracts Ethereum existants ; jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ~2 000 TPS.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Limites :<\/strong> d\u00e9lai de d\u00e9placement des fonds de la chaine secondaire (Layer 2) \u00e0 la cha\u00eene principale (Layer 1) d\u00fb \u00e0 la p\u00e9riode de contestation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b9b078 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0b9b078\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">zk-Rollups (ex. zkSync, Starknet)<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1f3bfe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e1f3bfe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Principe :<\/strong> une preuve cryptographique de validit\u00e9 (zero-knowledge proof) accompagne chaque lot de transactions.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Avantages :<\/strong> finalit\u00e9 des transactions quasi instantan\u00e9e, s\u00e9curit\u00e9 math\u00e9matique \u00e9lev\u00e9e, frais minimes.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Limites :<\/strong> g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de preuves co\u00fbteuse en calcul ; compatibilit\u00e9 partielle avec certains contrats complexes.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7edac09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7edac09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lightning Network (Bitcoin)<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4dec63 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a4dec63\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>Principe :<\/strong> canaux de paiement bidirectionnels.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Avantages :<\/strong> micro-paiements instantan\u00e9s, frais proches de z\u00e9ro.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Limites :<\/strong> s\u2019appuie sur la blockchain Bitcoin, ce qui limite les applications par rapport \u00e0 Ethereum qui est adapt\u00e9e aux smart-contracts<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6937f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5d6937f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40882a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"40882a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Avantages et limites des solutions Layer 2<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70f22ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"70f22ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; text-align: left;\">\n  <thead>\n    <tr>\n      <th style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px;\">Aspect<\/th>\n      <th style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px;\">Avantages<\/th>\n      <th style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px;\">Limites<\/th>\n    <\/tr>\n  <\/thead>\n  <tbody>\n    <tr>\n      <td style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px;\">Performance<\/td>\n      <td style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px;\">TPS (Transactions par seconde) multipli\u00e9 par 10 \u00e0 1 000 ; confirmations rapides ; frais &lt; 1 centime<\/td>\n      <td style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px;\">Peut n\u00e9cessiter un bridge ou une \u00e9tape d\u2019onboarding suppl\u00e9mentaire<\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px;\">S\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/td>\n      <td style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px;\">H\u00e9rit\u00e9e de la Layer 1 ; preuves cryptographiques solides<\/td>\n      <td style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px;\">Certaines sidechains reposent sur leurs propres validateurs, plus centralis\u00e9s et moins s\u00e9curis\u00e9s<\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px;\">Interop\u00e9rabilit\u00e9<\/td>\n      <td style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px;\">Compatible avec l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me existant (portefeuilles, dApps)<\/td>\n      <td style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px;\">Fragmentation de la liquidit\u00e9 entre plusieurs Layer 2<\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px;\">Exp\u00e9rience utilisateur<\/td>\n      <td style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px;\">Latence faible, co\u00fbts pr\u00e9visibles<\/td>\n      <td style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px;\">Besoin d\u2019apprendre leur fonctionnement pour en profiter<\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n  <\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d172d6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4d172d6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4933011 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4933011\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ae745 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c3ae745\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les blockchains Layer 2 constituent aujourd\u2019hui la pierre angulaire de la scalabilit\u00e9 des cryptomonnaies. En agr\u00e9geant les transactions hors cha\u00eene puis en s\u2019appuyant sur la robustesse des Layer 1, elles rapprochent les r\u00e9seaux d\u00e9centralis\u00e9s de performances dignes des syst\u00e8mes de paiement traditionnels. Qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse d\u2019Optimistic Rollups, de zk-Rollups ou du Lightning Network, ces technologies r\u00e9duisent les frais, acc\u00e9l\u00e8rent les confirmations et ouvrent la voie \u00e0 de nouvelles applications d\u00e9centralis\u00e9es.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"featured_media":7220,"parent":4297,"menu_order":0,"template":"","academy_category":[],"academy_tag":[34],"class_list":["post-7136","academy","type-academy","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","academy_tag-cryptomonnaies"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Blockchain Layer 2 : qu\u2019est-ce que c\u2019est et pourquoi est-ce si populaire ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Qu&#039;est-ce que la blockchain, ce registre num\u00e9rique d\u00e9centralis\u00e9 qui fait tant parler ces 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